Pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDI). With Nanopharm, Aptar Pharma, the US Food and Drug Administration and Theela Life Sciences.
Propellant evaporation for the low global warming potential transition
We measured single HFA-134a, HFA-152a and HFO-1234ze droplets with microsecond time resolution. In humid air, water condensing onto the droplets extended their lifetimes from milliseconds to about a second.
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